A major transformation is underway across U.S. federal agencies, led by the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), under the leadership of Elon Musk. This push for modernization is aimed at replacing outdated processes with faster, more efficient digital systems. While the changes promise to improve services, they’re also causing concern—especially for individuals unfamiliar with technology or those from vulnerable communities.
Key shifts are taking place in the Social Security Administration (SSA) and federal retirement systems. A new online retirement application will replace the traditional paper method, making things faster but also potentially leaving behind people who aren’t tech-savvy. At the same time, the SSA is updating its decades-old software and changing how people receive benefits, moving away from paper checks entirely.
Security, accessibility, and data privacy are all at the center of the conversation. New login systems, identity verification rules, and efforts to expand access to sensitive data have sparked backlash and even legal challenges. While the government pushes forward with these reforms, it’s clear that the road ahead will require balancing progress with fairness and accessibility.
DOGE’s Drive Toward a Digital Government
The Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE), led by Elon Musk, is on a mission to modernize federal services by cutting red tape and speeding up slow, outdated systems. These efforts have already sparked major changes within agencies like the Social Security Administration and federal retirement offices. While the goal is better service, the speed and scale of these reforms are creating both excitement and anxiety.
Federal Retirement Goes Online
One of the most talked-about updates is the launch of the Online Retirement Application (ORA), which will replace the long-standing paper-based retirement process. Starting June 2, 2025, all federal retirement applications will have to be submitted online. This change could cut wait times dramatically—from several months to under 30 days. However, it also means those who struggle with digital tools or don’t have internet access may face new obstacles, as paper applications will no longer be accepted.
SSA System Overhaul: Out with COBOL, In with Modern Tech
DOGE has also turned its focus to the backbone of SSA’s technology. The agency is moving away from its decades-old COBOL systems, switching to more modern programming platforms. This shift aims to speed up how benefits are processed, but the rushed timeline—kicked off in March with a small tech team—has raised red flags. Experts warn of potential risks like system crashes and data breaches during this high-stakes migration.
Paper Checks Phased Out by September 2025
Another big change coming from DOGE’s reform plan is the end of paper benefit checks. By September 2025, all benefit payments will be made through direct deposit or Treasury-issued debit cards. This switch is expected to reduce fraud and lower administrative costs. Still, it may hit hard for nearly 5 million Americans who don’t use banks—many of whom live in rural or low-income areas—raising questions about how to support those without easy access to digital banking.
Online Access Now Requires Login.gov
Accessing Social Security services online is also changing. Beneficiaries are now required to log in through Login.gov, replacing previous shortcuts. This new login system is designed to improve security, but some users are facing issues like locked accounts and confusing multi-factor authentication. These problems are especially difficult for people who aren’t comfortable using computers or smartphones, creating new hurdles in accessing their benefits.
Controversy Over In-Person Identity Verification
A policy originally pushed during the Trump administration required in-person identity checks at local offices for benefits, ending the option to verify by phone. Although it has been delayed following public backlash, many fear it could return. Critics argue it places an unfair burden on seniors and people with disabilities, especially in areas with limited transportation or understaffed government offices.
Data Privacy Dispute Ends in Court
The push to modernize has also led to a legal fight over data privacy. DOGE recently tried to give its employees access to sensitive SSA databases. A federal judge blocked the move, citing privacy concerns and a lack of proper oversight. The case is now being appealed, fueling a larger debate about who should be allowed to access the personal data of millions of Americans—and how that data is being protected.
